Citation Information :
Bagambila S, Devadiga S, Antony B, Shet SR, Praseena K, Rai SB. Antimicrobial resistance pattern of β-lactamase-producing bacteria isolated from childhood infections in a tertiary care hospital. J Acad Clin Microbiol 2023; 25 (2):51-56.
INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat, especially when it comes to children. According to the WHO data, infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria produce 7,00,000 deaths across all ages, of which around 2,00,000 are newborns. This increasing trend in drug-resistant infections in the paediatric age group has gone unrecognised. It is essential to determine the trend of antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogenic bacteria isolated from the clinical samples for prompt and proper treatment of patients. The transmissible resistance spread through horizontal gene transfer and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the paediatric cases. Our aim of the study is antimicrobial resistance pattern of β-lactamase-producing bacteria isolated from children in a tertiary care hospital.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to analyse the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the β-lactamase-producing organisms isolated from children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a retrospective, observational, record-based one conducted in a selected hospital in Mangalore and data were collected from January 2019 to December 2021. All the clinical parameters, laboratory information and treatment histories were obtained from the patients' case records and discharge summaries. Data were entered in MS Excel and analysed.
RESULTS: A total of 2965 samples were studied; 757 cases were positive for culture. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers numbered 87 (11%) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) producers were 37 (5%). In our study, ESBL and MBL production was relatively high in uropathogens. In our findings, we have evidence showing increasing rates of ESBL and MBL producers in Gram-negative organisms amongst paediatric patients.
CONCLUSION: Most of the study isolates were non β-lactamase producers; however, few percentages of Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella spp. show both ESBL and MBL. We did not find MBL in E coli, Enterobacter, Proteus, Citrobacter and Stenotrophomonas isolates. Beta-lactamase production should be looked at routinely in Gram-negative bacteria. We recommend phenotypic identification methods as routine practice in laboratories.
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