More than 80% of instances of primary psoas abscess are caused by Gram-positive microorganisms. Our case, a 52-year-old man was admitted with one month history of back pain and fever. Computed tomography revealed a hypodense collection in the psoas muscle. Blood cultures for Brucella spp were positive approximately after three days and became negative, as the specific therapy was started. Complete resolution of symptoms was achieved within six weeks. Early aetiological identification is crucial due to the high success rate with appropriate antibiotic regimens, even though the clinical presentation of psoas abscesses due to different pathogens is frequently identical and symptoms are non-specific. Although Brucellosis is endemic in India, Brucellar psoas abscess appears to be rare. In this report, we describe a patient who had atypical symptoms, and blood culture helped to solve the diagnostic conundrum.
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